It's so hard to know where to even start. Say one thing and it's like you have to go right back to the basics of how money, capitalism and society work. Nuanced conversation is Impossible.
Me, pulling down a chart when anyone asks me a question about modern society: "Okay, to understand this, we have to go back to early market economics of Mesopotamian city-states..."
I was having a talk with my 73 year old dad the other night and he still swears up and down that it's the illegal immigrants crossing the border that are stealing all of our money. I asked him where he got this info from, he said he reads things on the internet. I had my laptop out and said "show me" and then of course he said "I don't know how to search for it!". I then told him that he was full of shit, he said the same things about the points that I was bringing up. I told him the difference between my points and his is that 95% of my points I can find a source for, his is always a form of "do your research!".
He said he never believes online surveys because he's never been asked to participate in one, so he thinks it's always a small perfectly chosen group of people in order to sway the results. I read him Pew Research's surveying methodology and they said that they have all the datasets available. I mentioned that the GOP is almost entirely white people, and he said "How come there were 'Black People for Trump' in the last election?". He wanted to know the results of a particular survey that had to do with politics, but of course wouldn't look them up himself so I registered for an account, downloaded the datasets and showed it to him. From 2018 until now the GOP has been almost entirely white people, from 88%-92%, it even said that a quarter of them were "males over the age of 65 who identified as Protestant".
I asked my mom if she had seen that one Presidential debate where Trump was asked by Chris Wallace to say denounce white supremacy and the man literally contorted his brain into a pretzel to fudge out "stand by and stand back." It was a 100% crystal clear call to "those type of supporters." When I told my mom this, her rebuttable was "I didn't watch it" so for her if she didn't watch it, then it didn't happen and even if it did happen, she doesn't have to believe it. It floors me that white supremacist are emboldened these days, but the ignorance, complacency, and lack of empathy and critical thinking from the Right will probably doom us all in a long enough time line.
You're a kid and you go to a badly run daycare with nine other kids. Your parents pay for your stay and the person running it gets a daily shipment of food from that money, let's say, eleven sandwiches [a convenient but not perfect stand-in for workers generating the resources and value for the bourgeoisie]. He should keep one for himself and give ten to the kids, so everyone gets one sandwich, but instead he keeps six and gives all of you five, so you only get half each which is barely just enough. Now, five more kids join, their parents are also paying the daycare owner, and he now gets sixteen sandwiches per day. But he keeps the difference for himself and still gives you all five. Now you each only get a third of a sandwich, barely even a mouthful and you're hungry all the time. Do you blame the new kids for also being hungry and eating the food, or do you blame the daycare worker for hoarding all the food in the first place?
Technically they don't hoard the cash, they loan it out to other rich people with the expectation of a return on their investment. Or theyhoarfd property.
Its not even the loaning out of the cash that is the problem. The real problem is that they spend the cash on ways to prevent other people from having the opportunity they had. This goes for political routes, such as donations to influence tax breaks, goverment backed monopoly, etc. Its also spent buying competitors or losing money to crush conpetition.
Income inequality can just be set through fiscal policy. It doesn't matter how much "cash" the rich want to hoard if they can't do it (as much) because it was already taxed.
We need to shift away from traditional coporate ownership and move towards worker cooperatives, consumer cooperatives, and/or syndicates. Labor ownership invariably leads to the accumulation of wealth as you make money off a larger and larger percentage of workers.
In the US, it's a common refrain that exploitation of immigrant workers not only takes jobs from US-born workers, but also allows the rich to increase their wealth in excess of what they could if they were paying American workers.
Rather than coming to the conclusion, then, that exploitation of workers is bad, they come to the conclusion that immigrant workers are bad.
They stay rich by investing it into stocks, or even into CDs. Nobody holds cash in large amounts. At very least you put it into bank (and bank invests it).
That's because "the rich hoarding cash" isn't causing income and wealth inequality.
Also, income and wealth inequality is not, in and of itself, a bad thing. Income and wealth equality would be far, far worse than what we have now, even as corrupt as it is.
Effecting income and wealth equality necessitates violating people's rights to associate freely, trade freely, and own property. That will lead to complete societal collapse, and rather immediately. Nobody would do hard, dirty, or dangerous jobs anymore. We wouldn't have electricity. We wouldn't have indoor plumbing. We wouldn't have medicine.
You are correct that everyone literally having and making the same amount of income is likely undesirable. But you could do a hell of a lot of motivating of bad jobs, at, say, a 10x max pay differential. But more importantly, remind me, is it the hard, dirty and dangerous jobs that currently make the most money? No. It's not jobs at all, it's ownership.
Leviticus 25:35 'Now in case a countryman of yours becomes poor and his means with regard to you falter, then you are to sustain him'
Matthew 19:24 'Again I tell you, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to enter the kingdom of God.'
Proverbs 31:9 'Open your mouth, judge righteously,
defend the rights of the poor and needy.'
2 Corinthians 8:13-14 'For I do not mean that others should be eased and you burdened, but that as a matter of fairness your abundance at the present time should supply their need, so that their abundance may supply your need, that there may be fairness.'
Luke 3:11 And he answered them, “Whoever has two tunics is to share with him who has none, and whoever has food is to do likewise.”
Oh look, a bullet list of out-of-context Biblical verses being used by an atheist who doesn't understand what any of them means to dunk on people who he assumes has values that he, himself, does not care about.