“AI’s Ostensible Emergent Abilities Are a Mirage” paper won the Outstanding Paper Award at NeurIPS 2023
“AI’s Ostensible Emergent Abilities Are a Mirage” paper won the Outstanding Paper Award at NeurIPS 2023
Previous Lemmy.ml post: https://lemmy.ml/post/1015476 Original X post (at Nitter): https://nitter.net/xwang_lk/status/1734356472606130646
Note: the actual paper's title ends in a question mark and states in its "discussion":
We emphasize that nothing in this paper should be interpreted as claiming that large language models cannot display emergent abilities; rather, our message is that previously claimed emergent abilities in [3, 8, 28, 33] might likely be a mirage induced by researcher analyses.
It is clear to anyone who used them and understand the task they were trained on, that LLMs do have emergent abilities. This paper is a refutation of precise claims of other papers that they argue use inappropriate metric to show "sudden" emergence rather than a "smooth" one.
To clarify: The authors/Stanford used this exact stated/non-question title for their press release: https://hai.stanford.edu/news/ais-ostensible-emergent-abilities-are-mirage, which ended up also being the title of the previous post on [email protected]. As already noted by @[email protected], this “AI’s Ostensible” title is therefore well in line with the paper’s actual conclusion, that is refuting current claims of emergence. And I picked the “AI’s Ostensible” title being from the authors/their employer, for clarity (especially when quoted inside a larger Lemmy post title), and continuity with the previous post.
It is clear to anyone who used them and understand the task they were trained on, […]
Yet where is the proof? This is the exact wishy-washy way of not substantiating a claim, which this paper investigated and have refuted.
[…] that LLMs do have emergent abilities.
I think you should really not drop that sentence immediately in front of your quite selective quote — the authors put it in emphasis for good reasons:
Ergo, emergent abilities may be creations of the researcher’s choices, not a fundamental property of the model family on the specific task.
So regarding “emergent abilities,” it is quite clear the authors argue that from their analysis, if at all, cherry-picked metrics carry these “emergent abilities,” not LLMs.
This paper is a precise refutation to all current claims of emergence as nothing more than bad measurements.
It is clear to anyone who used them and understand the task they were trained on, that LLMs do have emergent abilities.
Not by the definition in this paper they don't. They show linear improvement which is not emergent. The definition used is:
As the complexity of a system increases, new properties may materialize that cannot be predicted even from a precise quantitative understand- ing of the system’s microscopic details.
The capabilities displayed by LLMs all fall on a linear progression when you use the correct measures. That is the antithetical to emergent behaviors.
Again: that does not preclude emergence in the future, but it strongly refutes present claims of emergence.
I just wish people stopped calling these things AI.
As far as I'm aware there's a difference between true AI and what these things are which would VI (virtual intelligence)
AI can think entirely on it's own whereas a VI is just selecting from a set list of information with no real thought behind it other than basic computations.
With all that said I could be wrong and would love for someone to explain it to me.
In computer science, AI refers to any machine (likely software) that is capable of doing tasks that only an intelligent being could. Algorithms that can solve search problems, such as path finding, linear regression, and perception are all said to be AI. I believe what you are referring to as "true AI" is known as AGI (artificial general intelligence).
The history of AI research doesn't go that way. It tends to be about pushing computers to do things they currently can't. Chess was once a major focus. Then an AI could beat a specific grandmaster in a six game match, and then any grandmaster, and then so good that no human stands a chance. Then it wasn't really AI anymore, but a piece of software you can run on a laptop.
Getting to a machine that thinks at a human level is an asperational goal. One where we create a bunch of useful tools along the way.
Historically AI has been the term for algorithm much much more simple than LLMs. I agree that it's not the best term, but that's what we've got and have had since the 60s so... Probably not changing it now Therebis a term for the distinction you appear to be wanting to draw: AGIs - Artifical General INTELLIGENCE. LLMs are AIs but not AGIs
You were never into video games, right? The reason I ask, is because games use a lot of AI. One might see "AI" in the game settings, or if the game has some editing tool/level builder/ ... one might see it there. If one takes an interest, one might pick up on people talking about the AI of one game or another.
I am always surprised, when I hear people say that LLMs are too simple to be real AI, because I'm thinking that most people who grew up in the last ~20 years would have interacted a lot with these much simpler game AIs. I would have thought that this knowledge would diffuse to parents and peers.
Non-rhetorical question: Any idea why that didn't happen?
My impression is that game AI (and I mean in FPS, not board games) were not considered as serious AI in the computer science sense. Most game AI even till this day are “cheating” in the sense that they are not end-to-end (i.e. cannot operate using screen capture, vs. engine information), and often also need additional advantages to hold ground. For example, virtually all these FPS game AI are quite useless once you actually want to interface it with some form of robotics and do open world exploration. So game AI is somewhat separate from the public’s obsession with the term AI, that suddenly turn nit-picky/moving-the-goalposty once AI became performant on end-to-end tasks.
The Wikipedia article AI effect (not super-polished) has many good references where people discussed how this is related to anthropocentrism, and people can also be very pushy with that view in the context of animal cognition:
Michael Kearns suggests that "people subconsciously are trying to preserve for themselves some special role in the universe".[20] By discounting artificial intelligence people can continue to feel unique and special. Kearns argues that the change in perception known as the AI effect can be traced to the mystery being removed from the system. In being able to trace the cause of events implies that it's a form of automation rather than intelligence.
A related effect has been noted in the history of animal cognition and in consciousness studies, where every time a capacity formerly thought as uniquely human is discovered in animals, (e.g. the ability to make tools, or passing the mirror test), the overall importance of that capacity is deprecated.[citation needed]
Note that there is also a similar effect, not explicitly discussed by that article, where people like to depict ancient societies dumber than they actually are (e.g. the today discounted notion of “Dark Ages”).