As per the title, I have a newcomer into linux that handed me a laptop to install with a recommended distro.

Being a user very much used to windows, I opted to install Lnx Mint, considering this person may also want to game a little bit in the future.

Install went flawlessly but the screen resolution is so high the fonts and desktop icons were so small it made difficult to read the icons text.

I tried to tweak the icons and fonts to usuable size but the overall feel of the desktop is still... stretched, for lack of a better word.

The laptop is a mistery brand, running a full Intel machine. And I say mistery because when I took a look into windows, the touchpad was identified as a Lenovo, but the machine is just an unbranded generic one.

Hardware profile

• Intel Core i3-500SU
• 8GB RAM
• Intel HD Graphics 5500 (BDW GT2), 1920x1080 max resolution, on 14.2 inch screen

Any suggestions on how to solve the issue?

edit

The solution was a mix between changing desktop environment (Mate => Cinnamon) and adjusting the font size and scaling factor.

As always, Linux rules and the community behind it is made up of bosses!

Fedora KDE, Wayland, Nvidia, proprietary drivers. Everything worked fine until suddenly plasmashell started crashing every time I interact with with the plasma panel. On x11 this doesn't happen, but instead the the whole video freezes while audio continues, and after a while it comes back. The plasma panel may or may not be frozen after this.

Is this an Nvidia problem again?

Logs coming in a couple minutes

Hi there, was thinking around of the best place to post this. Initially I thought maybe the Dovecot mailing list but I'm not sure if this is a Dovecot issue or if the issue lies with Postfix, so I figured maybe a more general Linux community. If people have suggestions about where I could post this that may have more people see it who are able/willing to help, I would also appreciate that.

I apologise, this post will probably be quite long, so I really do appreciate if anyone takes the time to read it and give advice.

Anyway, I was following this tutorial to set up a mail server with Postfix and Dovecot. The tutorial is for Ubuntu but I am using an Alpine Linux server, however the tutorial mostly concerns configuring Postfix and Dovecot which is distro-independent.

Deviations from the tutorial

I followed the tutorial with the exceptions of the following (deviations listed in order of the part of the tutorial they deviated from, so hopefully this is easy to follow linearly):

My server's hostname is domain.com not mail.domain.com (mail.domain.com is what my MX record points to), but this shouldn't really matter as I configured postfix with:

conf myhostname=mail.domain.com mydomain=domain.com

I installed packages with apk not apt obviously, and installed Postfix with doas apk add postfix.

I didn't get the ncurses Postfix configuration popup when I installed or started Postfix.

Alpine doesn't auto-start the Postfix service, so I did

sh doas rc-update add postfix default doas rc-service postfix start

I used doas apk add mailutils --update-cache --repository https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing/ to install and test the mail program.

I didn't increase attachment size limit.

Alpine doesn't seem to have a dovecot-imapd package, so I just installed dovecot and dovecot-lmtpd.

When configuring /etc/dovecot/conf.d/15-mailboxes.conf, I also set Drafts, Junk, and Sent Messages to auto-create as well as Trash.

I started the dovecot service the same way I did postfix above.

What works

I can send mail with sendmail and GNU mailutils mail. The following works:

sh echo "test email" | sendmail [email protected]

And

sh mail -a FROM:[email protected] [email protected]

(where domain.com is my Postfix mail server, and [email protected] is my existing email address with an external provider)

The above results in me receiving the email in my spam folder at [email protected] from [email protected], email all appears normal to me.

The issue

I've noticed two problems which may be related.

Can't log into Thunderbird

Firstly, I can't log into Thunderbird. I get the following error:

!

(Transcription: Unable to log in at server. Probably wrong configuration, username or password.)

To log in, I am entering my email address at [email protected], where user is my UNIX user (which is part of the mail group), and domain.com is my domain. I entered my password as my user account's password.

Thunderbird seems to recognise my mail server as it auto configured to the following:

INCOMING: IMAP, hostname mail.domain.com, port 993, SSL/TLS, normal password, username user (i.e. without the @domain.com)

OUTGOING: hostname mail.domain.com, port 465, SSL/TLS, normal password, username user

I have also tried the same configuration with STARTTLS and ports 143 and 587, to the same error.

Can't receive mail

I've also tried to send myself emails from my other email addresses. I've tried two of my external email addresses so far. My email clients say they've sent the emails and they appear in my Sent folder, however my Protonmail has sent me some emails today from their mailer daemon complaining that Your email could not be delivered for more than 12 hour(s).:

<[email protected]>: host domain.com[MY IP] said: 454 4.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied (in reply to RCPT TO command)

I've checked /var/log/messages (which is the Alpine Linux syslog) and found the following, which I don't know how to interpret:

Nov 2 17:57:03 domain mail.info postfix/smtpd[28188]: connect from mail-41103.protonmail.ch[185.70.41.103] Nov 2 17:57:03 domain mail.info postfix/smtpd[28188]: Anonymous TLS connection established from mail-41103.protonmail.ch[185.70.41.103]: TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature ECDSA (prime256v1) Nov 2 17:57:04 domain mail.info postfix/smtpd[28188]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mail-41103.protonmail.ch[185.70.41.103]: 454 4.7.1 <[email protected]>: Relay access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<mail-41103.protonmail.ch> Nov 2 17:57:04 domain mail.info postfix/smtpd[28188]: disconnect from mail-41103.protonmail.ch[185.70.41.103] ehlo=2 starttls=1 mail=1 rcpt=0/1 data=0/1 rset=1 quit=1 commands=6/8

I have dovecot configured to use the maildir format (or at least I think I do; I followed the tutorial to set it up to use maildir) but I don't see anything in my ~/Maildir directory.

Running GNU mail results in the output:

Cannot open mailbox /var/mail/user: No such file or directory No mail for user

My configuration

Output of postconf -n:

command_directory = /usr/sbin compatibility_level = 3.9 daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 home_mailbox = Maildir/ html_directory = no inet_protocols = ipv4 mail_owner = postfix mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailbox_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq manpage_directory = /usr/share/man meta_directory = /etc/postfix mydomain = domain.com myhostname = mail.domain.com myorigin = $mydomain newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix/readme sample_directory = /etc/postfix sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail setgid_group = postdrop shlib_directory = /usr/lib/postfix smtp_header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/smtp_header_checks smtp_tls_loglevel = 1 smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1 smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1 smtp_tls_security_level = may smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.domain.com/fullchain.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.domain.com/privkey.pem smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1 smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1 smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1 smtpd_tls_security_level = may smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtputf8_enable = no unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550

Output of doveconf -n:

```

2.3.21.1 (d492236fa0): /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf

OS: Linux 6.6.58-0-lts x86_64

Hostname: domain.com

auth_debug = yes auth_mechanisms = plain login auth_username_format = %n auth_verbose = yes log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log mail_debug = yes mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir mail_privileged_group = mail mbox_write_locks = fcntl namespace inbox { inbox = yes location = mailbox Drafts { auto = create special_use = \Drafts } mailbox Junk { auto = create special_use = \Junk } mailbox Sent { special_use = \Sent } mailbox "Sent Messages" { auto = create special_use = \Sent } mailbox Trash { auto = create special_use = \Trash } prefix = } passdb { args = scheme=CRYPT username_format=%u /etc/dovecot/users driver = passwd-file } protocols = imap lmtp lmtp service auth { unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth { group = postfix mode = 0660 user = postfix } } service lmtp { unix_listener lmtp { group = postfix mode = 0600 user = postfix } } ssl = required ssl_cert = </etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.domain.com/fullchain.pem ssl_key = # hidden, use -P to show it ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = yes userdb { args = username_format=%u /etc/dovecot/users driver = passwd-file } ```

Logs

This seems to be a dovecot log of an authentication attempt.

Nov 02 18:11:11 auth: Debug: client in: AUTH 3 PLAIN service=imap secured=tls session=JeHL+PEltufBIH/a lip=<my server IP> rip=<my home IP> lport=993 rport=59318 local_name=mail.domain.com resp=<hidden> Nov 02 18:11:11 auth: Debug: passwd-file(user,<my home IP>,<JeHL+PEltufBIH/a>): Performing passdb lookup Nov 02 18:11:11 auth: Debug: passwd-file(user,<my home IP>,<JeHL+PEltufBIH/a>): lookup: user=user file=/etc/dovecot/users Nov 02 18:11:11 auth: Info: passwd-file(user,<my home IP>,<JeHL+PEltufBIH/a>): unknown user Nov 02 18:11:11 auth: Debug: passwd-file(user,<my home IP>,<JeHL+PEltufBIH/a>): Finished passdb lookup Nov 02 18:11:11 auth: Debug: auth(user,<my home IP>,<JeHL+PEltufBIH/a>): Auth request finished Nov 02 18:11:13 auth: Debug: client passdb out: FAIL 3 user=user [email protected] Nov 02 18:11:13 imap-login: Debug: Ignoring unknown passdb extra field: original_user Nov 02 18:11:13 imap-login: Info: Disconnected: Connection closed (auth failed, 3 attempts in 22 secs): user=<user>, method=PLAIN, rip=<my home IP>, lip=<my server IP>, TLS, session=<JeHL+PEltufBIH/a>

Thanks for reading this fairly long post. Do ask if I need to provide any more configs, logs, etc. Appreciate any help, thanks in advance

This is an Acer Aspire one laptop, with a 32 bit CPU and Debian 12.7. Whenever I install Linux on it, the Internet works for about one day. And when I boot it up the next day, it just stops working. This is the case for WiFi, Ethernet and USB tethering via Android.

After running networkctl it gave me this:

!

I can ping 8.8.8.8 in this state, but not gnu.org. I can't open websites in Firefox either.

!

!

Then I ran "sudo systemctl start systemd-networkd". The networkctl output changed but everything worked exactly as the above two images. Couldn't open websites still.

!

Yesterday everything was working perfectly

Edit: Thanks to @[email protected] and @[email protected] I finally have internet access on my 12-year old e-waste!

Today I needed to do a clean install. I downloaded and installed the distro as usual choosing similar installer options as I did in the past (however I didn't install CUPS this time because idk what's up with that vulnerabilities).

After a reboot and fixing some systemd-boot freeze issues in BIOS, the system started and the GDM login prompt appeared without any issues. But there was no usual gear icon in the corner that lets you choose between Wayland, X11 and GNOME Classic modes.

I tried to log in but I got my usual Wayland issue (2/3 of the screen is black and 1/3 is artifacting). So I needed to switch to X11 to figure out if I can do anything about the issue this time.

I rebooted to fix the display issue and entered CLI mode (ctrl + alt + f2). I checked for xorg packages and they were indeed installed. However doing startx gave an error about XAuthority not being configured and launched an empty session with 3 or 4 xterm windows.

For those thinking of the 61st /usr/lib rule, I do not have an NVidia GPU so that's not the issue.

So, all of that made me think that new releases of EndeavourOS come with the stupid X11-less version of GNOME. Can I add the support myself via CLI or do I have to install an X11-only DE and use that to compile a version of GNOME with mandatory X11?

EDIT: everyone said that I should change the hardware but I figured out a fix myself. It turned out it was actually a distro issue.

[Solved] just had to create a new partition and then it lets me select FAT.

I'm not sure what happened, I remeber using gnome disks to do this before but it isn't working now now the only options I get are (MBR/DOS) or (GPT) and neither one will let me access the actual USB afterwards in anything other than GNOME disks. I can't use file explorer and add anything to it.

What is going on here? I swear this worked well before but now something has changed suddenly and I can't get it to work anymore.

When I restore a Debian disk image to the USB it will finally show up in the file explorer but I can't add anything to it and the only options I get to format it are those ones that won't let me access it in the file explorer and actually use the USB.

What am I doing wrong?

[Solved] So I disabled the CD ROM repository using the software and updates application on Debian 12 because it kept asking me to insert the CD ROM when I would try to install stuff.

After disabling it I used Aptitude to update the packages I had already installed but I noticed that before I disabled the CD ROM repository it told me that because I didn't have it inserted that it used some older versions of software.

After removing the CD rom repository it just updated everything and didn't show that message.

My concern is that I know Debian uses some older versions of stuff because of its stability and I read very briefly about "Franken Debian" situations where people use versions of stuff that weren't intended to be used with the stable version of Debian.

Did I mess up by doing that and create a situation like that? And if so, after a fresh reinstall when I get here again is virtually mounting the USB stick I have the Debian DVD ROM on an option for it to stick with that CD ROM repository? (I don't have a physical CD ROM on this machine)

[Solved] just had to log out and back in Original post: I'm running Debian 12 and I set a separate root password from my username password.

When trying to install a .deb file I noticed that it said I was not in sudoers file so I looked it up and tried the command SU and successfully entered my root password.

The I tried doing

sudo usermod -aG sudo [username]

And then I verify the addition of the user to the sudo group with

groups [username]

And this does indeed show that I am in the sudo group however when I try to install a .deb file after that or even sudo apt update its still telling me I am not in sudoers list.

Any ideas what I'm doing wrong here?

Because I hate Electron

I don't know when this happened. There was a system update a few days ago which went fine. Two days ago I wanted to download something onto one of my HDDs and got an I/O error. After investigating I found out that I no longer am the owner of any of my drives and can't create/delete any files. Chmod/chown didn't help. Editing the fstab file didn't help since it had the exact same contens as when everything worked. Shuffeling exec,rw around has no effect. Mounting/unmounting didn't do anything. Phisically removing the drives also didn't work. Adding a completely new drive automatically set it to restricted. How the hell does soemthing like this happen? I don't want to do a system wipe.

Edit: Windows is to blame

It appears Windows did something to the drives the last time I used it which messed up the partitin tables and prevented Linux from mounting them correctly. After poking around in the journalctl like suggested I found an entry with the error message. Googling brought me to an arch forum post with the same problem. All that had to be done was to go back into Windows and run shutdown /s /f /t 0 in cmd/powershell. Link to the post: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=231375

Tnx everyone for the assistance!

> Solution: > hd-idle is the way to go (if you read their README, they explain that most drives don't support idle timers)

I've been looking into spinning down the drives of my NAS, as I use it infrequently and that brings power drain down from ~30W to ~17W.

Problem is, hdparm -S doesn't seem to do anything for these particular drives: if I set it and wait for the appropriate amount of time (eg. 5 seconds if set to 1) the drives are still reported as "active/idle" and power drain doesn't go down.

Both hdparm -y and hdparm -Y work fine, but I don't seem to be able to find settings for them in tlp (probably because they are commands rather than settings?).

Besides the caveats about disks living longer if they are kept spinning, are there reasons why I shouldn't setup a cron job (well, a systemd timer) that runs hdparm -Y every 10 minutes? (for example, could hdparm -y cause errors if run while the drive is being backed up?)

PS: According to hdparm's manpage, -y puts the drive standby mode while -Y puts it into sleep mode. Considering that in my case power drain seems the same either way, should I prefer one or the other?

I have installed Linux Mint 22 in a DELL laptop with a buggy ACPI implementation (the kernel complains about it during boot). The laptop hangs if it goes to sleep (I tried various Linux distros/kernel-versions, the result is the same).

Because of that, I have disabled SLEEP in the firmware (latest version for that laptop btw). So basically, when you close the lid, nothing happens (it just locks the screen).

However, sometimes you might be in a hurry and you close the lid to do something else, and then you forget about it. The result would be for the battery to run dry, which eventually destroys the battery.

My question is: what would be the best way to setup an audible alarm if the battery reaches 20%?

I am running Bazzite 40 on a system with an RTX 4080. Up until yesterday, I was connecting computer -> Samsung HW-Q900C soundbar -> Samsung Q90C TV. I learned that the soundbar doesn't have HDMI 2.1 ports which is why I hadn't been able to get 120Hz, so I changed my setup to computer -> TV + soundbar -> TV (eARC).

Now, I do have 120Hz, but I lost a bunch of other options in my display settings, including HDR. The only options I can set there now are resolution, orientation, refresh rate, and scale. I suspect this is an issue with the TV communicating its capabilities in a way the OS doesn't understand, but I'm not sure how to fix or work around it. Can anyone suggest a fix? Is there a setting I can change on the TV or maybe an app I can run on the computer to manually set the TV's capabilities?

Update: Just discovered kscreen-doctor. Here's the output:

Output: 445 HDMI-0 enabled connected priority 1 HDMI Modes: 446:3840x2160@60! 447:4096x2160@120 448:4096x2160@100 449:4096x2160@60 450:4096x2160@50 451:4096x2160@30 452:4096x2160@24 453:4096x2160@24 454:3840x2160@144 455:3840x2160@120* 456:3840x2160@100 457:3840x2160@60 458:3840x2160@50 459:3840x2160@30 460:3840x2160@25 461:3840x2160@24 462:3840x1600@144 463:3840x1600@120 464:3840x1600@60 465:3840x1080@144 466:3840x1080@120 467:3840x1080@60 468:2560x1440@120 469:2560x1080@144 470:2560x1080@120 471:2560x1080@60 472:1920x1080@144 473:1920x1080@120 474:1920x1080@100 475:1920x1080@60 476:1920x1080@60 477:1920x1080@50 478:1920x1080@30 479:1920x1080@25 480:1920x1080@24 481:1680x1050@60 482:1600x900@60 483:1440x900@60 484:1280x1024@75 485:1280x1024@60 486:1280x800@60 487:1280x720@60 488:1280x720@60 489:1280x720@50 490:1152x864@75 491:1024x768@75 492:1024x768@70 493:1024x768@60 494:800x600@75 495:800x600@72 496:800x600@60 497:720x576@50 498:720x480@60 499:640x480@75 500:640x480@73 501:640x480@60 Geometry: 0,0 3840x2160 Scale: 1 Rotation: 1 Overscan: 0 Vrr: incapable RgbRange: unknown HDR: incapable Wide Color Gamut: incapable ICC profile: incapable Color profile source: incapable

SOLUTION: Turns out this was my goof. I was trying to set up auto-login on my user account. In doing so, I set it to automatically log in to Plasma (X11) instead of Plasma (Wayland). Odd that the default option in that dropdown is not the one you’re currently using, but 🤷‍♂️.

What I’m now trying to figure out is why I can’t set auto-login for Plasma (Wayland). The Apply button is disabled. 🤔

Thanks to everyone who shared ideas.

I created a new user on this system but anything with sound plain doesn't work - the main user of the system has no issue though.

I already added the new user to the audio group, pulseaudio and pipewire are started by xfce during login too.

For example, when trying to open an mp3 file with mpv I get this:

[ao/pulse] The stream is suspended. Bailing out.

[ao] Failed to initialize audio driver 'pulse'

Could not open/initialize audio device -> no sound.

Audio: no audio

I installed WireGuard on my host and set this configuration /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf:

``` [Interface] Address = 10.0.0.1/24 ListenPort = 51820 PrivateKey = [REDACTED] PostUp = iptables -A FORWARD -i %i -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ens3 -j MASQUERADE PostDown = iptables -D FORWARD -i %i -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o ens3 -j MASQUERADE

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.2/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.3/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.4/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.5/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.6/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.7/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.8/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.9/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.10/32

[Peer] PublicKey = [REDACTED] PresharedKey = [REDACTED] AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.11/32

``` Nmap scan when wg0 is down:

``` Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-08-16 03:26 CDT Host is up (0.050s latency). Not shown: 998 closed tcp ports (conn-refused) PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 179/tcp filtered bgp

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.93 seconds ```

Nmap scan when wg0 is up:

``` Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-08-16 03:27 CDT All 1000 scanned ports are in ignored states. Not shown: 1000 filtered tcp ports (no-response)

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 201.43 seconds

``` I also cannot connect to host via ssh. How to fix this issue?

Upd. Fixed my changing server WireGuard IP to 10.0.1.1. 10.0.0.1 was already taken

shared from: https://feddit.org/post/1848262

> I like the Slackware approach of installing the kitchen sink by default. Disk space is cheap. > But I find that the cluttering of the menus in KDE is a bit annoying. I use search to start my applications, and a lot of the time I have to type almost the full program name to get to the app I actually use. > What's the easiest way to hide a large number of programs from the menus, which is also easily reversible? > > My first idea was renaming the .desktop files in /usr/share/applications to .hidden > But they seem to be recreated automatically. > > Another idea was to copy .desktop files from /usr/share/applications to ~/.local/share/applications and then do: > printf "\nHidden=True" | tee -a ~/.local/share/applications/*.desktop > > But I tried to add this manually with one test file and it didn't seem to have any effect. > Is there a config file somewhere that specifies in which paths .desktop files are parsed? > > Or is there a better way? > > Thanks a lot, and happy slacking!

[Solved] Slackware comes with kmenuedit which can be accessed by right-clicking the app menu.

Is there any good alternative to parted, that I can use in scripts? Parted main problem is that it requires user confirmation one each action.

I don't usually update, but today I opened Xubuntu and the update manager popped up, so I clicked to install - it was just a 13 MB update. After updating, I opened Floorp and started seeing that all my icons at the taskbar, everything, started disappearing. It's like I did "sudo rm -rf"! I'm not even mad. I always wanted to try EndeavourOS, and now Xubuntu has given me the opportunity to install it. Now downloading the EndeavourOS ISO and will install KDE on it. Enough rant/vent for now - REAL QUESTION: can anyone tell me how to theme GTK-based GNOME apps on KDE?

I want to copy (not move) my Timeshift Snapshots (Rsync) from my existing drive to another drive. Both drives are ext4. As far as I searched I am not able to find any viable results.

If not possible, just why?

--- ---

Solved

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-apple-osx-bsd-rsync-copy-hard-links/

TLDR

sudo rsync -az -H --delete --numeric-ids /path/to/timeshift path/to/destination/

Where,

-a : Archive mode (i.e. recurse into directories, and preserve symlinks, file permissions, file modification times, file group, file owner, device files & special files)

-z : Compress file data during the transfer

H : Preserve hard links (i.e. copy hard links as hard links)

--delete : Delete extraneous files from the receiving side (ones that aren't on the sending side), but only for the directories that are being synchronized i.e. keep exact replica of your /path/to/timeshift directory.

--numeric-ids : Transfer numeric group and user IDs rather than using user and group names and mapping them at both ends.

--progress : Show progress during transfer.

--log-file="/var/log/my-rsync-script.log" : Log what rsync command is doing to the /var/log/my-rsync-script.log file.

---

Thanks to @[email protected]

Original Comment: https://lemmy.world/comment/11611743

The messages here are mostly in German, but I'll try to translate mist of it:

**dpkg:** Error when editing the package linux-image-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 (--configure): <<Installed posts installation script of the package linux-headers-6.9.7+bpo-amd64<<-subprocess returned error code 1 **dpgk:** dependency error hinders configuration of <that Linux header package>: linux-headers-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 depends on linux-image-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 (= 6.9.7-1~bpo12+1) | linux-image-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 -unsigned (= 6.9.7-1~bpo12+1); but: Package linux-image-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 is not configured yet. Package linux-image-6.9.7+bpo-amd64-unsigned is not installed. **dpgk:** Error while editing the Package linux-headers-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 (--configure): Dependency problem - remains unconfigured **dpkg:** Dependency problem hinder configuration of linux-headers-amd64: linux-headers-amd64 depends on linux-headers-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 (= 6.9.7-1~bpo12+1); but: Package linux-headers-6.9.7+bpo-amd64is not configured yet. **dpkg:** Errow while editing package linux-headers-amd64 (--configure): Dependency problem - remains in configured Errors occurred while editing these: linux-image-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 linux-headers-6.9.7+bpo-amd64 linux-headers-amd64

I really hope someone can help me out here..

EDIT: I kinda forgot to actually mention my problem. When booting nornall, I get stuck at a lonely white blinking cursor on a black screen, so startx seems to make some problems. I enter a TTY and run startx and this is what I get when running startx:

!output of startx

SOLUTION

• Uninstall your current nvidia driver (for example using sudo apt remove nvidia-driver on Debian)
• Install the headers for your kernel. your kernel you can check rather easily by running neofetch
• Install the headers required for your kernel. Do that by listing all packages with your kernel name in it. For example like this: apt list *6.9.7+bpo*
• reboot, install your nvidia driver again and rovoot again. Should be done.