Arch doesn't really do anything you don't tell it to do during installation.
That's the entire point. After installing Arch, you know what your system does, cause you configured it.
You can try using # du -h -d 1 / to locate the largest directory under /. Once you've located the largest directory, replace / with that directory. Repeat that until you find the culprit (if there is a single large directory).
EDIT (2024-07-22T19:34Z): As suggested by @[email protected], you can also use a program like Filelight, which provides a visual and more comprehensive breakdown of the sizes of directories.
Whoops! You are correct — I have updated the original comment. I'm not sure why I wrote df instead of du. This is a good example of why one should always be wary of blindly copying commands 😜 It begins to teeter on being potentially disastrous if I had instead wrote dd.