On an industrial scale (like we have in the USA), yes, we vaccinate the hell out of livestock. I understand that it has to do with their terrible conditions and diets. If they weren't vaccinated and fed antibiotics like crazy most wouldn't make it to slaughter weight or be able to keep producing (milk or eggs).
Eh, the antibiotics are only in part to keep them from dying. It also promotes faster growth. In actuality, the majority of the time they don’t need antibiotics to make it to slaughter.
Mostly in the shit pools probably, but organic beef doesn’t have it (though there are different animal welfare problems from that practice too).
I’m working my family up to 3 vegetarian night’s a week. Getting my 84 y/o father in-law on board hasn’t event been hard. Beef is generally an every other week kinda food, but still a guilty pleasure.
It depends. Cows are usually taken from individual farms and put en masse in lots called "feed lots" as an intermediary before the slaughterhouse. These lots are packed together and the animals experience a ton of stress. It's very easy for them to get sick here due to the conditions, and if one cow gets bad diarrhea, they all might get it. So they tend to treat them all prophylactically to prevent that. The real solution is to ban feed lots and to revise how we do slaughter so it's more sanitary.
Look at the EU for instance - they can eat raw eggs because they don't treat them the same as us and they vaccinate their chickens for salmonella. You can also eat chicken tartare in France for this reason.
We don't have to slaughter animals like this and we shouldn't.
yes, because debilitating viruses could wipe out herds, especially for those factory farmers where animals are living in destitute situations.
it's also one of the reasons why eating horse meat is illegal in the U.S because horses are pumped with stuff because theyre raised to be companions for work rather than for consumption.