Jolly Ranchers hard candy has mineral oil in them.
Most often, mineral oil is a liquid obtained from refining crude oil to make gasoline and other petroleum products ... like a liquid version of petroleum jelly. Source
AFAIK mineral oil and petroleum jelly are considered food safe. In the food industry they are used as lubricant on machinery that comes into contact with food (like meat slicers or even soda machines). Petroleum jelly is also found in a lot of skin care products, like Vasoline, vapo-rub, makeup -removing cream, and is also used in lip balm.
That being said, oil & gas extraction has and is wreaking havoc on our environment and health. So, while these products may be safe for human contact, they have a cost.
The UK doesn't deem them safe for human consumption tho, because they err on the side of caution instead of allowing big oil and/or corps to do what they want.
Also google the things that cause cancer. Anything causes cancer because cancer is just something DNA does. I understand the fear of it and you should avoid things that cause it but your eyeballs aren't gonna melt.
The sun causes cancer, sunscreen causes cancer, not enough sun probably causes cancer.
You're gonna die one day my friend but it won't be because of mineral oil.
In the U.S. it is commonly found in phamacies and sold as a laxative. It is excellent for cutting boards and wooden spoons since it does not go rancid. It is usually the only approved oil/grease to use on food processing equipment. Commercial and home espresso machines use it to lubricate seals and gaskets.
If everything around us and inside us isn't somehow related to the oil industry, we Americans would wither and die immediately. Don't you know?
Serious answer though: The FDA is slow, inefficient, and likely paid off from banning chemicals, but every once in a blue they do. States like California take a more proactive role in banning chemicals, and since California has an economy larger than some nations, they tend to have a lot of pull, so all is not lost. America is more like the EU these days than a cohesive nation. Some states are cool, some are ok, some are Texas...but...yeah, we really suck as a whole.
Not sure about all that as mercury is a liquid at room temperature and I'm unfamiliar with the history of Santa Cruz, but I wasn't necessarily trying to say California was a guardian of the future. Just that, in this example, they're large enough in economies of scale that occasionally their decisions have enough weight to help others elsewhere, and that US states sometimes are able to effect improvement via this scale that the US Federal government is incapable of due to it's Star Warsian ineptitude. Much like how the EU is forcing the Apples of the world to embrace standards like USB-C. Also most of Silicon Valley is basically a giant superfund site, so they got a lot of 'splainin to do.
We classify mineral oil as food safe. It's a powerful laxative and you really wouldn't want to get a lot of it in your food but I use it on my cutting boards to keep them from drying out and cracking.
sugar, corn syrup and water will make hard candy. after that, it's just a matter of dialing in the amounts of flavorings and citric acid for some tartness
not really, at least not that I know of. the formation of hard candy kinda depends on how sugar acts once you get it above certain temperature points. there's probably a materials engineer somewhere that can offer you a sol'n that mostly does what you want but in the traditional world of candymaking sugar does a lot more than just sweeten.