Most passive houses I've seen have windows that open, but they are typically double/triple glazed (depending on climate) and are casement style instead of the more typical (and inefficient) double hung. They also typically feature a ventilation system to manage air movement precisely to prevent the issues you're concerned about.
You never know. A lot of modern buildings (at least in the US) do not have windows that open. It’s a pet peeve of mine. Modern public school buildings are particularly poorly designed in this regard.