Diode and magnetron are also frequent failure causes. The magnetron is easy to test with a resistance meter. Should be low ohms through and infinity to its casing. (all cables removed of course)
I believe a new magnetron was fairly expensive, and I'm not by any means good with electricity (beyond some very simple car stuff), so I didn't even bother trying to check it. We kind of hated that microwave anyway, its beeps were so annoying.
It just stopped heating things up. A bit of research suggested that the most common failure was the capacitor, which was like $10, so I figured why not? I was going to have to take the broken microwave off the wall whether I could fix it or not.
Microwave repair can actually be quite dangerous if I understand correctly, as they can hold a residual charge which can be very harmful if you short it.
If I understand it the ceramic of the magnatron can contain beryllium. Inhaling or contacting beryllium can cause beryllicosus, lumps in the lungs and body, not fun. That said if you don't damage the magnetron you should be fine on that front.