On the server. You just ssh -X, and call emacs. You can also use emacsclient on the server and then (also on the server) connect to it with the graphical client. This helps when you want to prevent connection los to break your process running. Or emacs -nw also works. There are no special commands used.

I also use terminal emacs in some cases, but there are a few key bindings which make the graphical version a bit better in some cases. But I mostly only do R/cpp remotely. I don't know how it is for other languages.

I just ssh into the server and run emacs over ssh. X forwarding works well if the internet is good enough/close enough to the server. All other remote approaches have not worked well for me.