The Gorn made their first appearance in the iconic Star Trek: The Original Series episode "Arena," but Star Trek: Strange New Worlds has introduced a whole new version of the vicious reptilians. After Starfleet learns of the existence of the Gorn in Strange New Worlds, they begin developing weapons and technology to defend against them. As the tensions between the Federation and the Gorn increase, Starfleet begins to fear that war looms on the horizon. The Gorn have proven to be a formidable opponent for the Federation, but not much is known about their lifestyle and culture.
The Strange New Worlds season 2 finale, "Hegemony," adds fuel to the fire when the Gorn attack a Federation colony on the planet Parnassus Beta. The Gorn claim that Parnassus Beta is in their territory, and they send Starfleet a communication establishing a demarcation line. Despite Starfleet's orders to remain on their side of the line, Captain Christopher Pike (Anson Mount) and a landing party slip past the Gorn to rescue the survivors trapped on the planet. "Hegemony" ends with the USS Enterprise facing off against a Gorn destroyer and three Gorn hunters, leaving Captain Pike outgunned and unsure about his next moves.
I’m really interested to see how the writers have the federation overcome the Gorn. My theory is that M’Benga develops a chemical/biological weapon that immunizes against the eggs incubating so the gorn are forced to reproduce in their own which slows their spread within the federation space. This boarderline ethical weapon forces the federation to dismiss M’Benga and is replaced with a McCoy character.
The Arena terrified me as a child - I still don't know why, but that Gorn haunted my nightmares as a child. I'm glad SNW has gone into depth with them - it's one of my main draws to the series.