And it is a very silly label system, decided mostly by people who didn't fully understand what they were observing. Ask an astronomer to explain the differences asteroid vs meteor vs comet vs dwarf planet and see what dirty looks you get in response.
Long story short, it's going to involve Venn diagrams, classification on multiple traits that can change over time, classification on multiple traits we don't fully understand, and a lot of historical figures making arbitrary choices in their writing.
Ask an astronomer to explain the differences asteroid vs meteor vs comet vs dwarf planet and see what dirty looks you get in response.
A meteoroid is a comet or asteroid.
A meteor is the visible phenomenon that a meteroid creates as it burns.
A meteorite is any part of a meteoroid which survives burning through the atmosphere and impacts the earth.
Asteroids are primarily comprised of more dense rocky and metallic substances, they're more like rocks.
Comets are primarily comprised of ice and very non dense bits of dust, they're more like snowballs.
... I knew all of this by the time I was in 5th grade.
I am not an astronomer.
These are not difficult concepts.
...
Dwarf planets can be comprised of many things, but a very significant attribute they have is that they are massive enough to have gravity form them into spherical shapes, whereas asteroids and comets are much smaller and have very irregular topographies.
If you want to get into the exact distinction between a planet and a dwarf planet, basically the main difference is that a dwarf planet is not massive enough to achieve local orbital dominance, whereas a planet is.
A more thorough discussion of that would involve referring to other complex concepts, as well as math with letters in it... but seeing as you'd rather pretend that words with straightforward meanings that most people understand by the age of 10 are actually all stupid and arbitrary, I doubt it would be a very productive discussion.