President Donald Trump just said during his inauguration that he wants to rename the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America. Aside from the political aspects, how does that even work? How does OSM choose a source for that? I’m curious! Also, somebody executed what I thought while I wrote this post:
Why? There are commisions for that. E.g. the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (international), the United States Board on Geographic Names (USA) or the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (UK). Just follow the lead of one of these. There is no need to further complicate stuff.
On osm there is one main attribute name, and other secondary names like alt_name, loc_name, official_name, etc, and different language versions of all of them e.g. name:en, name:es etc... This is not a political question, but technical, how it should be recorded according to the osm tagging scheme, how this rare situation should be mapped, it's not straightforward. More info in the wiki: https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Names