Can I have a husky without joining the vampire hunters in Dawnstar? Are the husky immortal?
How often dragons and vampire attacks in towns? I haven't do the quest in Whiterun where you need to talk to the yarl about the dragon. So I'm safe from the dragon attacks and my character is not yet prepared.
Can you survive skyrim without maximizing smithing, alchemy and enchantment?
Yes you need to join the Dawnguard to get a husky. They are protected, which means they can only be killed by the player. Watch that you don't accidentally hit them in combat!
Random dragons appear around every 3 in-game days. Finishing the main quest makes it more like every 6 days.
You can absolutely survive without touching the crafting systems. In fact, i find that using smithing and enchanting too much can make the game very easy. That said, you can change the difficulty at any time up or down to your liking.
I reccomend that you check out the wiki at uesp.net. It is by far the best fan wiki i have used and it can answer the vast majority of questions you might have about the game.