A bit of context, India has basically three communist parties, two of which compete in the democratically electoral form(and one even governs a state currently) and third is Communist Party of India(Maoist). The latter is officially banned by the state and there have been numerous pitch battles between government and the Maoists in the past.
It's quite old, I think. Ideological foundings were around 1970 only though the party only officially made in 2004. The then PM called it the biggest threat to India's internal security when they spanned multiple states in their fold. Their influence has reduced significantly but they are still active in couple of states.
They were pretty quiet until the 1990's, when the government gave multinational corporations mining rights to the areas where landless subsistence farmers live.