I’d look at trying to get into the GRUB shell, assuming that the screen is indeed GRUB. From what I can find online it would be the C key. Are you familiar with CLI commands? It seems like it’s pretty full-featured.
I’m kind of wishing I understood UEFI better, but I mainly run Linux on arm64 devices. Are you sure that’s the BIOS/UEFI? To me it seems strange that it would be smart enough to know about the different OSes but I’m probably wrong. 😞 It looks like a customized GRUB to me.
Yeah it's some kind of Lenovo thing. Went to a repair shop they changed the HDD because the old one was apparently dead and installed Windows because they don't have anything else. I haven't even used Windows ever.
Does Windows boot? I know it’s not ideal but since you’re unable to boot into a Linux ISO you could consider running the filesystems checks from Windows. I’ve never done something like that but I know tools like Paragon exist. I’m not sure if WSL would be capable of checking them, but that could be another option (I haven’t used Windows in years).